Regulating means for hydraulic motors.



No. 656,|04. Patented Aug. I4, i900. J. D. FRICOT.

REGULATING MEANS FDR HYDRAULIC MOTORS.

(Application filed June 12, 1899.)

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JULES D. FRICOT, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

REGULATING MEANS'FOR AHYDRAULIC1 MOTORS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 656,104, dated August 14, 1900.

Application filed June '12, 189.9. Serial No. 720,255. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known'that I, JULES D. FRIooT, actizen of the United States, residing at the city and county of San Francisco, in the State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Regulating Means for Hydraulic Motors; and I do hereby :declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

This invention relates to certain vnew-and useful mechanism for regulating the flow or stream of water used for the operation or driving of hydraulic motors; and it consists in the arrangement of parts and details of construction, as willbe hereinafter fully set forth `in the rdrawings and described and pointed out in the specification.

The object of the present invention is to provide means for automatically controlling or regulating'the ilow of the impact-stream from the discharge-nozzle, so as to impart approximately a uniform speed to the hydraulic motor driven by the impact-stream in order to permit of a steady transmission of power from the said motor.

In order to comprehend the invention, refv erence should behad tothe accompanying sheet of drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a side view in elevation, partly in section, illustrating the regulating mechanism applied to a discharge-nozzle. Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view of the governor-controlled valve, the same being illustrated in position in its casing when the motor is run'- ning normal. Fig. 3 is a similar view illustratin g the position of the valve when lowered by governor owing to decreased speed of the motor. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional end view taken through the main water-pipe and rear piston-cylinder. Fig 5 is a detail sectional view of the three-way cut-od cock, and Fig. 6 is a similar view of the cut-olf cock interposed within the central connecting-pipe.

Forthe purpose of illustration the regulating mechanism is represented as being used in connection with what is known as a Chavanne nozzle, or that style of nozzle fully set forth and described in Letters Patent No.

543,228, granted A. Chavanne on the 23d day of July, 1895. However, the invention is equally as well adapted for use in connection with any style of nozzle used in connection with hydraulic motors.

In the drawings the letter A is used to indicate the main water-or supply pipe, to the outer end of which is connected the dischargenozzle A'. Above the main water or supply pipe is located the piston-cylinder B, which, by means of the piston-head D, is divided into chambers B and B2. Constant communication is established between chamber B and main supplyy or water pipe A by means of aperture b, formed through -the wall of pipe A, and elongated opening b inthe bottom of chamber B'. Hereinafter I shall term chamber BAthe main piston-chamber, owing to its established communication with the main supply or water pipe A, and chamber B2 the auxiliary piston-chamber.

Through stufling-box cl3 in head d4 of the cylinder B works the piston-rod C, which at its forward end connects with the rod C', carrying the nozzle-tip C2. The rod C works through stuing-box d in the nozzle A and is normally held outward by pressure of spiral spring d', interposed between the stuffing-box d and coupling d2 for the rod C' and pistonrod C. This piston-rod C carries a pistonhead D', which works within the piston-cylinder B and divides 'same into chambers B and B2.

Communication may be .established between the main supply or water pipe A and the auxiliary chamber B2 by means of the pipes D2 D2, which connect, respectively, with the chamber B2 and nozzle A or with the vatmosphere by means of pipes F. FX, which communicate, respectively, with pipe D2 and valve-casing E2, Fig. 1. The valve-casing E2 is connected with pipes D2 D3 by means of the cross-piping 1 2. Connection is also made between said pipes D2 Diby the cross-pipe v3. The valve-casing E2, as shown inthe drawings, is conveniently provided at one side with separated ports 8 82, which communicate with each other and with pipe l by means of a passage 8", and at the other side with separated ports 7 and 72, the former connecting with pipe 2 and the latter with pipe E'.

Within the valve-casing E2 is located the vertically-movable valve 4, which is raised and lowered by means of the ball-governor F IOO through the medium of the governor rod or piston 5, which connects with the upper end of the valve 4. Through the slide-valve 4 is cut the transverse port 6, which communicates with the upper ports 7 and 8 and lower ports 7 S of the valve-casing as the valve is raised or lowered its full distance, Figs. l and 3 of the drawings.

Communication of the chamber B2 with the atmosphere is dependent upon the position of the three-way stop-cock f), introduced within the pipe D2, so as to control the pipe E and the position of the slide-valve Il, which in its turn is dependent upon the speed of the driven motor F'. The three-way stop-cock 9 also controls the iiow of water into the chamber B2 through the pipes D3 2, valve-casing E2, and pipe l, while direct communication of pipe D3 with pipe D2 through cross-pipe 3 is controlled by the stop-cock (F2, located within said pipe.

The motor F! is driven by the water ejected from the nozzle A striking against the buckets or vanes E2, attached to the periphery of said motor, the speed of the motor being dependent upon the force of the impact-stream discharged from the nozzle. By means of the endless belt F3 the motion of the motor is transmitted to the governor F.

Figure l of the drawings illustrates the position of the governor-balls when the speed of the motor has increased beyond its proper limit. As the governor-balls have diverged, the slide-valve l has gradually raised until its port G coincides with the upper ports 7 and 8 of the valve-casing E2. The consequence of such registration of the ports is that a portion of the water from the main supply or water pipe iiows from the nozzle A into pipe D3 and through pipe 2, ports 7 G, and pipes 1 and D2 into auxiliary chamber B2 back of the piston-head D. The operative area of chamber B2 being larger than the operative area of chamber B', due to the area of chamber B being reduced by the piston-rod C, the pressure on the rear face of piston-head D will be greater than that upon its outer face, and as a consequence the piston-rod C will be forced forward,carrying therewith the rod C', and thus moving the nozzle-tip C2 outward within the nozzle, so as to reduce the area of the outlet-opening and diminish the Aflow of the water in order to reduce the speed of the motor. As the speed of the motor is reduced the governor-balls fall and the slide-valve is lowered until the speed of the motoris that of normal. lVhen this is reached, the port 6 of the slide-valve will register with the solid portion l2 of the valve-casing, Fig. 2 of the drawings. lVhen in this position, communication with the chamber B2 will be closed. The pressure ofthe water upon each face of the piston-head being then equal, the rod C will remain stationary. Should, however, the speed of the motor fall below normal, then the governorballs will fall and the slide-valve move downward within the valve-casing until port G eoincides with ports 7 and S. This will establish communication of the pipe E', which leads to the atmosphere, with pipe D2 leading to chamber B2. An open communication being thus established the pressure of the water from the main pipe or water-supply upon the outer face of pistou-head D' will suffice to force the piston-rod C rearward, the piston-head as carried therewith forcing the water from within the chamber B2 into pipe D2, from which it escapes through ports 8 and 7 and pipe E' into the atmosphere. This movement of the piston-rod C draws the rod C therewith and moves the nozzle-tip C2, so as to enlarge the outlet for the escape of water from within the nozzle A, thus increasing the fiow of water, so as to raise the speed of the motor to normal. The position of the slide- Valve when lowered to establish communication between pipe E and chamber B2 is clearly shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings.

Presuming the nozzle to be tightly closed by the nozzle-tip and it is desired to start the motor, the three-way stop-cock 9 is then turned to the left in order t0 open outlet-pipe E and establish communication between auxiliary chamber B2 and the atmosphere, while at the same time stop-cock (Z13 is turned to close communication between pipes D2and D3 through pipe 3. The pressure of water on outer face of piston-head D' will force the piston-rod C inward and move the nozzle-tip so as to open outlet of nozzle, while at the same time the movement of the piston-head D with pistonrod C will cause the water in chamber B2 to blow out into the atmosphere. The moment the motor is started stop-cock 9 is turned to the right to close outlet-pipe F. and open connection between chamber B2 and valve-casing E2, Fig. l of the drawings.

In order to stop the working of the motor, it is only necessary to turn the three-way stop-cock 9 so as to close communication of chamber B2 with pipe E Or valve-casing E2, Fig. 5 of the drawings, and move stop-cock (Z13 so as to open pipe 3, Fig. 6, and establish communication between pipe D and D3. The water from the main pipe A, flowing into nozzle A', will then pass into pipe D3 to point c and pass through pipe 3 into pipe D2 and from there into the auxiliary chamber B2 back of the piston-head D. The pressure of the water upon the inner face of the piston-head D' will force the piston-rod C forward until the nozzle-tip C2 tightly closes the outlet of the nozzle.

It will be understood that as the water-main A communicates with the chamber B' there is a constant pressure of water against the outer face of piston-head D. So long as the pressure upon each face of piston-head D' is equal the running of the motor will be at a uniform speed. The moment the pressure upon one face exceeds that upon the other then that having the less pressure will give to that having the greater pressure, and piston-rod C will accordingly be moved in order IIO to increase or decrease the outflow of water in accordance with the variance in the pressures upon the piston-heads.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure protection in byl Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination with the main pipe, of a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder dividing the same into a main and an auxiliary chamber, the former of which communicates directly with the main pipe, a piston-rod connected to said piston and working in the main chamber only, whereby different operative areas are obtained on opposite sides of the piston, a pipe connection between said main pipe and auxiliary chamber, a controlling device for the main-pipe outlet operated by said piston-rod, and meansinterposed inisaid pipe connection for controlling the water communication between the main pipe and auxiliary chamber, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a motor, a watersupply pipe therefor, a cylinder communicating with said supply-pipe, a piston in said cylinder, a controlling device for said lsupplypipe, connected to said piston, a pipe'connection between said supply-pipe and said cylinder, a valve-casing interposed in said pipe connection,a valve in said valve-casing,mech anism for operating said valve in accordance with the speed of the motora valve-controlled discharge for said pipe connections, and an intermediate pipe connection constituting a by-pass around said valve, and a stop-cock in said by-pass, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the main pipe having a nozzle, of a cylinder parallel with said main pipe, a piston in said cylinder and dividing the same into a main and an auxiliary chamber, the former of which communicates directly with the main pipe, a nozzle-tip, a

piston-rod connected with said piston and with said nozzle-tip and working in said main chamber only for the purpose set forth, a pipe connection between said main pipe and auxiliary chamber, and means in said connection for controlling the admission and exhaustion of fluid to and from said auxiliary chamber, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a main pipe having an outlet-nozzle, of a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder dividing the same into a main and an auxiliary' chamber, the former of which communicates with the main pipe, a pistonrod connected to said piston and working in the main chamber only, pipe connection between the main pipe and auxiliary chamber, and means for controlling the movement of the piston through variation of the waterpressure in accordance with the speed of the driven motor, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a nozzle, a pistoncylinder and the pipe connections between the nozzle and piston-cylinder, of a portedvalve casing interposed within said pipe connections, a single ported valve tted within said casing, mechanism for operating said valve in accordance with the speed of the driven motor, communication between said pipe connections and the atmosphere, a stopcock for controlling said communication, and an intermediate or middle pipe connection constituting a by-pass around the valve, and of a stop-cock located therein.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afx my signature in presence of two witnesses this 2d day of June, 1899.

JULES D. FRICOT.

Witnesses:

N. A. AcKER, WALTER F. VANE. 

